Gonzalez, David M. "James Madison and the Struggle for the Bill of Rights."
The author of this book in the beginning characterizes Madison as the antagonist of the Bill of Rights. However, if you keep reading on you can see Madison's hesitant position to create a Bill of Rights change. He eventually agreed that a Bill of Rights was a negotiable necessity to ratify the Constitution
Tuesday, December 16, 2008
29 Annotation
"James Madison: A Short Biography". James Madison Research Library and Information Center. 12-16-08 http://www.madisonbrigade.com/library_jm.htm.
This short biography of Madison gave me the event, which caused Madison to start despising Hamilton. Madison strictly opposed Hamilton's idea of forming a bank of the United States. When current President, George Washington looked over the plan he sided with Hamilton. This forced Madison to leave the Federalists and allied himself with Thomas Jefferson. In my Paper I will use this source to indicate how Madison left his allied and long life friend Washington to join sides with Jefferson.
This short biography of Madison gave me the event, which caused Madison to start despising Hamilton. Madison strictly opposed Hamilton's idea of forming a bank of the United States. When current President, George Washington looked over the plan he sided with Hamilton. This forced Madison to leave the Federalists and allied himself with Thomas Jefferson. In my Paper I will use this source to indicate how Madison left his allied and long life friend Washington to join sides with Jefferson.
Saturday, December 13, 2008
23. 24 and 25 annotation
Mount, Steve. "Step father of the Constitution." The U.S Constitution Online. 1995. http:/http://www.usconstitution.net/consttop_ccon.html#pinckney.
This short article says that Charles Pinckney of South Carolina could be eligible to be the step-father of the Constitution. It says even though he appeared brash, arrogant, vain, and had all the characteristics that a person such as Madison would dislike, he submitted a overall decent plan to the convention. This plan has a brief description in Madison’s notes. His plan consisted of the following; “the lower house, the House of Delegates, was elected by the people, with proportional representation, the upper house, the Senate, elected by the House of Delegates, four from each of four districts, with four year terms, an executive called the President, elected by the legislature.” This plan was almost exactly identical to Madisons.
Kelly, Martin. "Madison's Words." 12 Dec. 2008 http://americanhistory.about.com/cs/jamesmadison/a/quotemadison.htm.
A quote which proves Madison’s strong belief of religious freedom is, "Conscience is the most sacred of all property...." I will used this is my paper to prove he was strict toward religious freedom.
"James Madison Biography (1751 - 1836)." Bio. True Story. 13 Dec. 2008 http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9394965&page
This website enforces the facts that during the time of the convention Madison believed strongly in the value of a strong government in which power was well controlled because it was well balanced among the branches. The two quotes I feel that stuck out the most were ones made by Delegate William Pierce of Georgia. He said, “In the management of every great question, Madison “always comes forward the best informed Man of any point in debate.” Pierce called him “a Gentleman of great modesty with a remarkable sweet temper.” I will definitely use these quotes is my essay to show that Madison was looked at as an remarkable man.
This short article says that Charles Pinckney of South Carolina could be eligible to be the step-father of the Constitution. It says even though he appeared brash, arrogant, vain, and had all the characteristics that a person such as Madison would dislike, he submitted a overall decent plan to the convention. This plan has a brief description in Madison’s notes. His plan consisted of the following; “the lower house, the House of Delegates, was elected by the people, with proportional representation, the upper house, the Senate, elected by the House of Delegates, four from each of four districts, with four year terms, an executive called the President, elected by the legislature.” This plan was almost exactly identical to Madisons.
Kelly, Martin. "Madison's Words." 12 Dec. 2008 http://americanhistory.about.com/cs/jamesmadison/a/quotemadison.htm.
A quote which proves Madison’s strong belief of religious freedom is, "Conscience is the most sacred of all property...." I will used this is my paper to prove he was strict toward religious freedom.
"James Madison Biography (1751 - 1836)." Bio. True Story. 13 Dec. 2008 http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9394965&page
This website enforces the facts that during the time of the convention Madison believed strongly in the value of a strong government in which power was well controlled because it was well balanced among the branches. The two quotes I feel that stuck out the most were ones made by Delegate William Pierce of Georgia. He said, “In the management of every great question, Madison “always comes forward the best informed Man of any point in debate.” Pierce called him “a Gentleman of great modesty with a remarkable sweet temper.” I will definitely use these quotes is my essay to show that Madison was looked at as an remarkable man.
Friday, December 12, 2008
Annotation 20, 21 and 22
Fargher, John Mark, Bunee Mari Jo, and Czitrom Daniel. Out of Many: A history of the American people. New York: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, 2007.
This textbook tells that Madison and fellow democrat Jefferson looked for international Independence. They wanted less connection with Britain and more with its rival France. At the time of Jefferson’s Presidency their main focus was on the hopes of American western expansion.
Garcia, Jesus, and Doyle Donna M. Creating America. McDoegal Littell, 2005.
I learned that the difference on foreign and domestic policy eventually led to Jefferson and Madison founding the Democratic Republican Party. Their beliefs were to have a limited national government, to have an economy based on farming and strictly opposed the national bank. Supporters were usually farmers and trades people.
Tindell, George Brown. America A Narrative History. New York: W.W Norton & Company, Inc,\
The Articles failure had persuaded most of the Delegates to agree that the new central government needed to have some strong power. They needed to be able to levy taxes, regulate commerce, raise an army and navy, and make laws binding upon individual citizen.
This textbook tells that Madison and fellow democrat Jefferson looked for international Independence. They wanted less connection with Britain and more with its rival France. At the time of Jefferson’s Presidency their main focus was on the hopes of American western expansion.
Garcia, Jesus, and Doyle Donna M. Creating America. McDoegal Littell, 2005.
I learned that the difference on foreign and domestic policy eventually led to Jefferson and Madison founding the Democratic Republican Party. Their beliefs were to have a limited national government, to have an economy based on farming and strictly opposed the national bank. Supporters were usually farmers and trades people.
Tindell, George Brown. America A Narrative History. New York: W.W Norton & Company, Inc,\
The Articles failure had persuaded most of the Delegates to agree that the new central government needed to have some strong power. They needed to be able to levy taxes, regulate commerce, raise an army and navy, and make laws binding upon individual citizen.
Thursday, December 11, 2008
19 Annotation
Stagg, J.C.A. "An Introduction to the Life and Papers of James Madison." Essay.
This brief essay on Madison life gave me a bigger outlook on Madison Princples. One issue that engaged him, was religious freedom for Virginia, a concern that led to his first contribution to constitutional law when he persuaded the Virginia Convention of 1776 to include liberty of conscience.
This brief essay on Madison life gave me a bigger outlook on Madison Princples. One issue that engaged him, was religious freedom for Virginia, a concern that led to his first contribution to constitutional law when he persuaded the Virginia Convention of 1776 to include liberty of conscience.
18 Annotation
"James Madison". The White House. 12-11-08 http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jm4.html
Apparently, Madison was alive when he was given the title of "Father of the Constitution', because according to this article he couldn't accept the name. The author supplies a quote that expressed his feeings toward the success of the creation of the Constition. He said that the document was not "the off-spring of a single brain," but "the work of many heads and many hands."
Apparently, Madison was alive when he was given the title of "Father of the Constitution', because according to this article he couldn't accept the name. The author supplies a quote that expressed his feeings toward the success of the creation of the Constition. He said that the document was not "the off-spring of a single brain," but "the work of many heads and many hands."
17 Annotation
"James Madison - 4th President of the United States." 1911 edition Encyclopedia.
When James Madison spoke at the convention in Virginia to ratify the Constitution he was speaking against some of the most brilliant compelling minds at that time; Patrick Henry, George Mason, James Monroe, Benjamin Harrison, William Grayson and John Tyler. However, when he was victorious at the convention he had to thank his supporters; Edmund Pendleton, John Marshall, George Nicholas, Harry Innes and Henry Lee.
When James Madison spoke at the convention in Virginia to ratify the Constitution he was speaking against some of the most brilliant compelling minds at that time; Patrick Henry, George Mason, James Monroe, Benjamin Harrison, William Grayson and John Tyler. However, when he was victorious at the convention he had to thank his supporters; Edmund Pendleton, John Marshall, George Nicholas, Harry Innes and Henry Lee.
16 Annotation
"Biography of James Madison." American Mercury 28 Sept. 1809.
This newspaper article is a biography of Madison from the early 19th century perspective. It examines Madison when he first entered the political spotlight and how he did not put his abilities on display. If it weren't for "Mr. Jefferson who is believed to have been the first to distinguish, and most active to bring into his country's service the superior mind of Mr. Madison" If Jefferson never pushed Madison, he service could have been lost for this nation.
This newspaper article is a biography of Madison from the early 19th century perspective. It examines Madison when he first entered the political spotlight and how he did not put his abilities on display. If it weren't for "Mr. Jefferson who is believed to have been the first to distinguish, and most active to bring into his country's service the superior mind of Mr. Madison" If Jefferson never pushed Madison, he service could have been lost for this nation.
Wednesday, December 10, 2008
15 Annotation
Wheeler Bennett, Newspaper article explaing Bill of Rights, 1789
A newspaper article containing the new 10 amendments, referred to as the Bill of Rights. The newspaper has an insert at the bottom saying that there is a hundred and fifty copies made and that one copy be sent to each town clerk.
A newspaper article containing the new 10 amendments, referred to as the Bill of Rights. The newspaper has an insert at the bottom saying that there is a hundred and fifty copies made and that one copy be sent to each town clerk.
14 Annotation
Madison James, Speech to House of Representatives Proposing Bill of Rights, June 8, 1789
Originally, Madison was reluctant to have a Bill of Rights, but he was more for it than opening another Constitutional Convention to tweak the Constitution. He felt strongly that people would ruin the document that they just created. Part of his speech which focuses on these points is the quote, "I should be unwilling to see a door opened for a re-consideration of the whole structure of the government, for a re-consideration of the principles and the substance of the powers given; because I doubt, if such a door was opened, if we should be very likely to stop at that point which would be safe to the government itself." The will back my argument that he was against adjusting the Constitution.
Originally, Madison was reluctant to have a Bill of Rights, but he was more for it than opening another Constitutional Convention to tweak the Constitution. He felt strongly that people would ruin the document that they just created. Part of his speech which focuses on these points is the quote, "I should be unwilling to see a door opened for a re-consideration of the whole structure of the government, for a re-consideration of the principles and the substance of the powers given; because I doubt, if such a door was opened, if we should be very likely to stop at that point which would be safe to the government itself." The will back my argument that he was against adjusting the Constitution.
Tuesday, December 9, 2008
13th Annotation
Madison James, Speech in the Virginia Ratifying Convention, June 20, 1788
During the convention in Virginia to ratify the Constitution, Madison gives a speech defending the Constitution. The following quote is his argument against the mindset of people who did not trust the Constitution. "Is there no virtue among us? If there be not, we are in a wretched situation. No theoretical checks -- no form of government can render us secure. To suppose liberty or happiness without any virtue in the people, is a chimerical idea. If there be sufficient virtue and intelligence in the community, it will be exercised in the selection of these men. So that we do not depend on their virtue, or put confidence in our rulers, but in the people who are to choose them." He ends the quote by stating it's not the person running we are trusting, but the voters are the ones we depend on. The voters make the decision.
During the convention in Virginia to ratify the Constitution, Madison gives a speech defending the Constitution. The following quote is his argument against the mindset of people who did not trust the Constitution. "Is there no virtue among us? If there be not, we are in a wretched situation. No theoretical checks -- no form of government can render us secure. To suppose liberty or happiness without any virtue in the people, is a chimerical idea. If there be sufficient virtue and intelligence in the community, it will be exercised in the selection of these men. So that we do not depend on their virtue, or put confidence in our rulers, but in the people who are to choose them." He ends the quote by stating it's not the person running we are trusting, but the voters are the ones we depend on. The voters make the decision.
12 Annotation
"Rediscover the Past". James Madison Montpelier. 12-9-08 http://www.montpelier.org/explore/james_madison/timeline.php.
This timeline informs me that in order for Madison to gain followers for the ratification in Virginia, he had to promise that a Bill of Rights amending the Constitution would follow. He even promoted that there would be a bill promoting freedom of religion.
This timeline informs me that in order for Madison to gain followers for the ratification in Virginia, he had to promise that a Bill of Rights amending the Constitution would follow. He even promoted that there would be a bill promoting freedom of religion.
Monday, December 8, 2008
11th Annotation
Madison, James. No. 10. 86 vols. New York: 1788.
In Federalist essay No. 10 Madison explains how it's beneficial for the country to have a federal government that worries about the big issues and a state government which can handle the local issues. He states,"It must be confessed that in this, as in most other cases, there is a mean, on both sides of which inconveniences will be found to lie. By enlarging too much the number of electors, you render the representatives too little acquainted with all their local circumstances and lesser interests; as by reducing it too much, you render him unduly attached to these, and too little fit to comprehend and pursue great and national objects. The federal Constitution forms a happy combination in this respect; the great and aggregate interests being referred to the national, the local and particular to the State legislatures"
In Federalist essay No. 10 Madison explains how it's beneficial for the country to have a federal government that worries about the big issues and a state government which can handle the local issues. He states,"It must be confessed that in this, as in most other cases, there is a mean, on both sides of which inconveniences will be found to lie. By enlarging too much the number of electors, you render the representatives too little acquainted with all their local circumstances and lesser interests; as by reducing it too much, you render him unduly attached to these, and too little fit to comprehend and pursue great and national objects. The federal Constitution forms a happy combination in this respect; the great and aggregate interests being referred to the national, the local and particular to the State legislatures"
Thursday, December 4, 2008
10th Annotaton
Kennedy, David M.. "The Federalists Papers". The American Pageant. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company,
James Madison partook in the Federalist essays to help ratify the Constitution throughout the states, including Virginia. In total he wrote twenty-nine essays out of eighty-five. He is famous for his number ten article.
James Madison partook in the Federalist essays to help ratify the Constitution throughout the states, including Virginia. In total he wrote twenty-nine essays out of eighty-five. He is famous for his number ten article.
9th Annotation
Carroll, Andrew. Letters of a Nation. New York: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, 1997.
This book supplies a letter written by Thomas Jefferson to James Madison. It regards his opinions toward The Virgina Plan. I plan on using the following quote in my NHD paper, "I like much the general idea of framing a government, which should go on itself, peaceably without needing continual reassurance to the state legislatures."
This book supplies a letter written by Thomas Jefferson to James Madison. It regards his opinions toward The Virgina Plan. I plan on using the following quote in my NHD paper, "I like much the general idea of framing a government, which should go on itself, peaceably without needing continual reassurance to the state legislatures."
Tuesday, November 25, 2008
8th Annotation
"The Avalon Project". Yale Law School Lillian Goldman Law Library. 11-25-08 http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/vatexta.asp.
Historians have proved that James Madison produced the Virginia Plan, but Edmund Randolph proposed it during the convention. In the personal notes of James Madison it explains that the plan would consist of a National Legislature that would have two branches. The first branch would be elected by the people and the second branch would be elected by the people of the first. When arriving at the debate of the Executive Branch, Edmund Randolph stated, "that a National Executive be instituted; to be chosen by the National Legislature for the term of years, 5" Obviously, the part was not used in the Constitution, but the first half of this plan is an important key to the government we know today.
Historians have proved that James Madison produced the Virginia Plan, but Edmund Randolph proposed it during the convention. In the personal notes of James Madison it explains that the plan would consist of a National Legislature that would have two branches. The first branch would be elected by the people and the second branch would be elected by the people of the first. When arriving at the debate of the Executive Branch, Edmund Randolph stated, "that a National Executive be instituted; to be chosen by the National Legislature for the term of years, 5" Obviously, the part was not used in the Constitution, but the first half of this plan is an important key to the government we know today.
Friday, November 21, 2008
7th Annotation
Ketcham, Ralph. James Madison: A Biography. New York: Library of Congress Catologing-in-Publication Data, 1990
Back in that time and age it was very common for people to marry their relatives, usually first cousins. The author of this book indicates because of this form of marriage Madison's family was very expansive. When sitting in at the first Virgina Covention in 1776 he found that the "connections through Edmund Pendleton and Patrick Henry were very useful" These connections also expanded to the Constitutional Convention in 1787.
Back in that time and age it was very common for people to marry their relatives, usually first cousins. The author of this book indicates because of this form of marriage Madison's family was very expansive. When sitting in at the first Virgina Covention in 1776 he found that the "connections through Edmund Pendleton and Patrick Henry were very useful" These connections also expanded to the Constitutional Convention in 1787.
Wednesday, November 12, 2008
6th Annotation
Mcdonald, Forrest. Novus Ordo Seclorum: The Intellectual Origin of the Constitution. Kansas: University Press of Kansas, October 1986.
The author of this book examines how Madison's ideas were rejected more than half that were proposed. A quote that speaks about Mcdonald's feelings towards Madison contributions would be "Overall, of seventy-one specific proposals that Madison moved, seconded, or spoke unequivocally in regard to, he was on the losing side forty times." This shows how some historians didn't think Madison lived up to what he's made out to be.
The author of this book examines how Madison's ideas were rejected more than half that were proposed. A quote that speaks about Mcdonald's feelings towards Madison contributions would be "Overall, of seventy-one specific proposals that Madison moved, seconded, or spoke unequivocally in regard to, he was on the losing side forty times." This shows how some historians didn't think Madison lived up to what he's made out to be.
Wednesday, November 5, 2008
Research paper rough draft (still writing)
In 1787, the Constitutional Convention took place at Independence Hall, the same place the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. James Madison was one of the 55 delegates to attend. Later on James Madison was given the title " father of the Constitution" for his hard dedicated work for ratifying the Constitution in Virginia, producing the Virginia plan and his contributions for introducing the first amendments, which are now known as the Bill of Rights. However, today historians argue could Madison's contributions be great enough to make him Father of the Constitution, had he really lived up to the remarkable things said about him?
James Madison was born into a high class family in Port Conway, Virginia. According to a website "American President" Madison was the oldest of 12 siblings when he entered the College of New Jersey, later known as Princeton. He graduated in 1771, completing a four year degree in two years, which showed his perseverance and intelligence. (http://millercenter.org) Later after his graduation, he studied theology, history, and law on his own. From the source The Federalist: Biography of James Madison, I learned that "After keeping to himself for three years, his public career began in 1774 when he was appointed a member of the King George County Committee for Public Safety in Virginia at the age of 23." (www.leftjustified.org)
James Madison's major impact on history would be his contributions during the Constitutional Convention; this is what he's known for. However, these contributions would never be possible if it weren't for his experience as a member of the Virginia constitutional committee in 1776 and as an elected official to represent Virginia to the Continental Congress in 1779. Also, Madison's years of studying prepared him and gave him his ideas, which he could voice.
Why was it so crucial to have an immediate Constitutional Convention that would make a brand new but stable government? First, the United States was having a considerable amount of economic troubles repaying its debts to the French and Spanish. Also, the textbook American Pageant explains that " the Patriots often confiscated Loyalists property and resold it to raise money." (American Pageant, Chapter 8) Therefore, the government needed to be stable so it could reimburse Loyalists for property losses during the Revolutionary War. Second, many people were worried about having too strong a central government. They were afraid it would result in another monarchy, like the one they just struggled to separate from. Meanwhile, the Articles of Confederation, America’s first attempt to self govern, was too weak to be enforced. As stated in the article of "Godfather of the Constitution" James Madison felt that the "Articles needed replacing, not amending." (www.earlyamerica.com) There needed to be a balance between a strong central government and a weak one. Finally, with the westward expansion growing rapidly, the government needed to decide if the west would have slavery or not. These economic political, and geographic challenges made it essential to create a stronger and lasting government. James Madison, delegate for Virginia, helped shape and organize the document that has remained America's government for over the past 221 years.
"Overall, of seventy-one specific proposals that Madison moved, seconded, or spoke unequivocally in regard to," Forrest McDonald author of Novus Ordo Seclorum wrote, "he was on the losing side forty times." (Mcdonald, Pg 207) The two issues that were most essential to Madison were the right of the federal government to veto state laws and have both houses in Congress be elected proportionally. Both of these significant issues were denied by the other delegates at the Constitutional Convention. This outcome may thwart the idea of Madison being the most influential leader. When referring back to the website "The Federalist: James Madison"Historians can debate that George Washington could be the Constitution's true father, because of his appointment by Virginia to lend prestige to the effort the Constitutional Convention. (www.leftjustified.org) However, it can be argued that Madison was the leader. For instance, when the convention started he was the first one to trigger the dispute of representation by stating " a change in the principle of representation is the first step this Convention has to take before it can determine exactly what the national government will do" (Rakove, Pg 68), the idea he had in mind would change the course of America: The Virginia Plan.
Initially, Edmund Randolph was the one who proposed the Virginia Plan to the Constitutional Convention, but Madison was the key man who produced it. The Article " Virginia Plan" explains that the Virginia Plan would consist of "three branches with checks and balances to prevent the abuse of power. In its amended form, this page of Madison's plan shows his ideas for a legislature. It describes 2 houses: one with members elected by the people for 3-year terms and the other composed of older leaders elected by the state legislatures for 7-year terms. Both would use population as a basis for dividing seats among the states." (www.classbrain.com) This plan was an important source for what is now called The Great Compromise.
The ratification of the Constitution by Virginia was doubtful. Gary Wills's book, James Madison describe how James Madison overcame Patrick Herny's stand against the Constitution. The book states that " Henry played expertly on the fears of sending a representative off to a distant place, without the clogs of short terms, instruction, recall and so on" (Wills, Pg 36) However, Madison believed everyone had a better nature than what Henry claimed.
All sources indicate that James Madison initially believed that the Constitution did not need a Bill of Rights. He even said in letter to the House of Representatives"I should be unwilling to see a door opened for a re-consideration of the whole structure of the government, for a re-consideration of the principles and the substance of the powers given; because I doubt, if such a door was opened, if we should be very likely to stop at that point which would be safe to the government itself..." What he thought was if the delegates started making changes it would end ruining the document they just created. According to the article "James Madison Proposes Bill of Rights" it says "ames Madison had not believed that a bill of rights was required for the new government. However, during the ratification process, several states had called for a bill of rights, and Madison felt it was his obligation, his duty, to propose one." Today what we know as the Bill of Rights was written and proposed by Virginia delegate, James Madison, father of the Constitution.
James Madison was born into a high class family in Port Conway, Virginia. According to a website "American President" Madison was the oldest of 12 siblings when he entered the College of New Jersey, later known as Princeton. He graduated in 1771, completing a four year degree in two years, which showed his perseverance and intelligence. (http://millercenter.org) Later after his graduation, he studied theology, history, and law on his own. From the source The Federalist: Biography of James Madison, I learned that "After keeping to himself for three years, his public career began in 1774 when he was appointed a member of the King George County Committee for Public Safety in Virginia at the age of 23." (www.leftjustified.org)
James Madison's major impact on history would be his contributions during the Constitutional Convention; this is what he's known for. However, these contributions would never be possible if it weren't for his experience as a member of the Virginia constitutional committee in 1776 and as an elected official to represent Virginia to the Continental Congress in 1779. Also, Madison's years of studying prepared him and gave him his ideas, which he could voice.
Why was it so crucial to have an immediate Constitutional Convention that would make a brand new but stable government? First, the United States was having a considerable amount of economic troubles repaying its debts to the French and Spanish. Also, the textbook American Pageant explains that " the Patriots often confiscated Loyalists property and resold it to raise money." (American Pageant, Chapter 8) Therefore, the government needed to be stable so it could reimburse Loyalists for property losses during the Revolutionary War. Second, many people were worried about having too strong a central government. They were afraid it would result in another monarchy, like the one they just struggled to separate from. Meanwhile, the Articles of Confederation, America’s first attempt to self govern, was too weak to be enforced. As stated in the article of "Godfather of the Constitution" James Madison felt that the "Articles needed replacing, not amending." (www.earlyamerica.com) There needed to be a balance between a strong central government and a weak one. Finally, with the westward expansion growing rapidly, the government needed to decide if the west would have slavery or not. These economic political, and geographic challenges made it essential to create a stronger and lasting government. James Madison, delegate for Virginia, helped shape and organize the document that has remained America's government for over the past 221 years.
"Overall, of seventy-one specific proposals that Madison moved, seconded, or spoke unequivocally in regard to," Forrest McDonald author of Novus Ordo Seclorum wrote, "he was on the losing side forty times." (Mcdonald, Pg 207) The two issues that were most essential to Madison were the right of the federal government to veto state laws and have both houses in Congress be elected proportionally. Both of these significant issues were denied by the other delegates at the Constitutional Convention. This outcome may thwart the idea of Madison being the most influential leader. When referring back to the website "The Federalist: James Madison"Historians can debate that George Washington could be the Constitution's true father, because of his appointment by Virginia to lend prestige to the effort the Constitutional Convention. (www.leftjustified.org) However, it can be argued that Madison was the leader. For instance, when the convention started he was the first one to trigger the dispute of representation by stating " a change in the principle of representation is the first step this Convention has to take before it can determine exactly what the national government will do" (Rakove, Pg 68), the idea he had in mind would change the course of America: The Virginia Plan.
Initially, Edmund Randolph was the one who proposed the Virginia Plan to the Constitutional Convention, but Madison was the key man who produced it. The Article " Virginia Plan" explains that the Virginia Plan would consist of "three branches with checks and balances to prevent the abuse of power. In its amended form, this page of Madison's plan shows his ideas for a legislature. It describes 2 houses: one with members elected by the people for 3-year terms and the other composed of older leaders elected by the state legislatures for 7-year terms. Both would use population as a basis for dividing seats among the states." (www.classbrain.com) This plan was an important source for what is now called The Great Compromise.
The ratification of the Constitution by Virginia was doubtful. Gary Wills's book, James Madison describe how James Madison overcame Patrick Herny's stand against the Constitution. The book states that " Henry played expertly on the fears of sending a representative off to a distant place, without the clogs of short terms, instruction, recall and so on" (Wills, Pg 36) However, Madison believed everyone had a better nature than what Henry claimed.
All sources indicate that James Madison initially believed that the Constitution did not need a Bill of Rights. He even said in letter to the House of Representatives"I should be unwilling to see a door opened for a re-consideration of the whole structure of the government, for a re-consideration of the principles and the substance of the powers given; because I doubt, if such a door was opened, if we should be very likely to stop at that point which would be safe to the government itself..." What he thought was if the delegates started making changes it would end ruining the document they just created. According to the article "James Madison Proposes Bill of Rights" it says "ames Madison had not believed that a bill of rights was required for the new government. However, during the ratification process, several states had called for a bill of rights, and Madison felt it was his obligation, his duty, to propose one." Today what we know as the Bill of Rights was written and proposed by Virginia delegate, James Madison, father of the Constitution.
Fifth Annotation
"James Madison (1751 - 1836". Miller Center of Public Affairs . 11-5-08 http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/madison
Through the basic facts of this site I have discovered that James Madison was not just born in Virginia, but died there to. He was educated at the College of New Jersey, which is now referred to as Princeton. Finally, he was episcopalian. The Episcopal Church was developed shortly after the American Revolution and can be explain as the middle way between Roman Catholic and Protestantism.
Through the basic facts of this site I have discovered that James Madison was not just born in Virginia, but died there to. He was educated at the College of New Jersey, which is now referred to as Princeton. Finally, he was episcopalian. The Episcopal Church was developed shortly after the American Revolution and can be explain as the middle way between Roman Catholic and Protestantism.
Thursday, October 30, 2008
Revised thesis and introduction
In 1787, the Constitutional Convention took place at Independence Hall, the same place the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. James Madison was one of the 55 delegates to attend. Later on James Madison was given the title " father of the Constitution" for his hard dedicated work for ratifying the Constitution in Virginia, producing the Virginia plan and his contributions for introducing the first amendments, which are now known as the Bill of Rights. However, today historians argue could Madison's contributions be great enough to make him Father of the Constitution, had he really lived up to the remarkable things said about him?
Tuesday, October 28, 2008
Fourth Annotation
"James Madison Proposes Bill of Rights". James Madison University . 10-28-08 http://www.jmu.edu/madison/gpos225-madison2/madprobll.htm.
This article is a brief summary of Madison's dedication to the creation of the Bill of Rights. It examines how Madison didn't think the Constitution needed a Bill of Rights, but if there was going to be one, it was his duty to propose one.
Even though this might make my thesis a little difficult to write, it helps me get a better understanding of Madison's beliefs. My understanding of this article is that Madison truly thought the Bill of Rights was not necessary. The only exception he thought came out of the Bill of Rights was that it call for another Constitutional Convention and convinced the final two states to ratify the Constitution.
This article is a brief summary of Madison's dedication to the creation of the Bill of Rights. It examines how Madison didn't think the Constitution needed a Bill of Rights, but if there was going to be one, it was his duty to propose one.
Even though this might make my thesis a little difficult to write, it helps me get a better understanding of Madison's beliefs. My understanding of this article is that Madison truly thought the Bill of Rights was not necessary. The only exception he thought came out of the Bill of Rights was that it call for another Constitutional Convention and convinced the final two states to ratify the Constitution.
Thursday, October 23, 2008
Thesis Statment
In 1787, the Constitutional Convention took place at Independence Hall, the same place the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. James Madison was one of the 55 delegates to attend. James Madison is given the title " father of the constitution" for his hard dedicated work for ratifying the Constitution in Virginia, producing the Virginia plan and writing the Bill of Rights.
Wednesday, October 22, 2008
Third Annotation
Rakove, Jack N.. James Madison and the Creation of the American Republic. New York: Libary of Congress Catologing in Publication Data, 2007.
The author Jack N. Rakove has a chapter in this book called "The Great Convention", which interprets the decisive issue of representation in each state.
James Madison triggered the dispute over representation, when stating his opinion "that a change in the principle of representation was the first step the Convention had to take before it would determine exactly what the national government would do" This occupied the delegates for seven weeks until The Great Compromise of July 16 protected the small states right to have an equal vote in Senate.
The author Jack N. Rakove has a chapter in this book called "The Great Convention", which interprets the decisive issue of representation in each state.
James Madison triggered the dispute over representation, when stating his opinion "that a change in the principle of representation was the first step the Convention had to take before it would determine exactly what the national government would do" This occupied the delegates for seven weeks until The Great Compromise of July 16 protected the small states right to have an equal vote in Senate.
Monday, October 20, 2008
Second Annotation
Wills, Garry. James Madison. New york: Henry Holt and Company, 2002.
In this book by Garry Wills there is a few chapters on the role played by James Madison
ratifying the Constitution in Virginia. The Chapters portray Patrick Henry who had George Manson with him as opposing the Ratification.
Patrick Henry used fear to oppose sending a representative off to the capital. He was against trusting an individual to defend the state's interest. Meanwhile Madison thought everyone should rely on the code of a gentlemen.
In this book by Garry Wills there is a few chapters on the role played by James Madison
ratifying the Constitution in Virginia. The Chapters portray Patrick Henry who had George Manson with him as opposing the Ratification.
Patrick Henry used fear to oppose sending a representative off to the capital. He was against trusting an individual to defend the state's interest. Meanwhile Madison thought everyone should rely on the code of a gentlemen.
Thursday, October 16, 2008
First Annotation
Kauffmann, Bruce G.. "James Madison " Godfather of the Constitution"". Archiving Early American. 10-16-08 http://www.earlyamerica.com/review/summer97/madison.html
The author of this website gives opinions and facts of James Madison's contributions debated by past historians. The website shows that Madison could be known as a father of the Constitution, or argue as more of a godfather of the Constitution, which declares George Washington the father.
This web page breaks down James Madison's main priorities, such as the Articles need replacing, not amending and that there needed to be a strong central government that could keep the state governments in line. This plan later came into place when Madison produced the Virginia Plan.
The author of this website gives opinions and facts of James Madison's contributions debated by past historians. The website shows that Madison could be known as a father of the Constitution, or argue as more of a godfather of the Constitution, which declares George Washington the father.
This web page breaks down James Madison's main priorities, such as the Articles need replacing, not amending and that there needed to be a strong central government that could keep the state governments in line. This plan later came into place when Madison produced the Virginia Plan.
Topic Selection
I choose James Madison from Virginia for my NHD project because i am interested in his contributions for the creation of our nation's most historic document: The Constitution.
This Person is important to history because without his effort and inputs our country might have not document that gives every person in the country, rights, freedom and equality. Our country might even be split in two.
For this week's research, i found an book that i will read and summarize for next week.
This Person is important to history because without his effort and inputs our country might have not document that gives every person in the country, rights, freedom and equality. Our country might even be split in two.
For this week's research, i found an book that i will read and summarize for next week.
Thursday, June 5, 2008
Final Reflection
• What have I learned about myself through this experience?
Well I have learned how much time and strength it takes to organize something out of nowhere. Also I have learned to work with people better and hear out their ideas. Usually I think my ideas are the best and any others can't beat it. However, I learned to overcome that.
• What would you change about this situation if you were in charge?
Well if i was in charge I would seriously kick the immature kiddies out. Since we are trying to benefit seriously stuff we have no time for games. The overall group was good, but there is always that few that ruin it for everybody.
• How will service learning change your future behaviors/attitudes/and career?
I've learned tons. When I hear about cancer now a days I take an interest into it, now that I know how serious it is. I feel we made a difference and we can only go up from here. I think these benefitting fairs will go far.
Well I have learned how much time and strength it takes to organize something out of nowhere. Also I have learned to work with people better and hear out their ideas. Usually I think my ideas are the best and any others can't beat it. However, I learned to overcome that.
• What would you change about this situation if you were in charge?
Well if i was in charge I would seriously kick the immature kiddies out. Since we are trying to benefit seriously stuff we have no time for games. The overall group was good, but there is always that few that ruin it for everybody.
• How will service learning change your future behaviors/attitudes/and career?
I've learned tons. When I hear about cancer now a days I take an interest into it, now that I know how serious it is. I feel we made a difference and we can only go up from here. I think these benefitting fairs will go far.
Friday, May 30, 2008
Reflection
On Wednesday me and my fellow group members walked down three blocks to McCall, my old school to look for fair space. It looks like a place we will have it, but our next problem is what are we benefiting. My group to the conclusion that benefiting AIDS research would be a great idea. Since it's well known and a big problem now a days more people will be more likely to attend. Also a plus about having McCall as the place to hold it is great, because the location is more reasonable than this years place.
Tuesday, May 13, 2008
Reflection of last weeks meeting.
Last week went rather smoothly it wasn't as loud and hectic as weeks in the past. I think our group is really starting to come together. First off cause i think were all getting to know each other better and that we mostly have a nice group of kids. However, since our fair is done we need some new ideas for what to do. We all considered going to hospitals and reading books to children who had childhood cancer, but as soon as Ms D check it out it seems it's not possible. Right now I am currently at a blank for what to do. An idea i do have is start fundraising money for a beneficial fair next year.
Thursday, May 1, 2008
Reflection of last meeting
Last meeting was an okay one. We were just starting to finalized stuff, such as raffle prices, food, money ect. I did my part and went around my neighborhood and brought a decent amount of money. Also i've helped Ms D with the coin collection our group has started. This meeting were planning on finishing the winning baskets for saturday, which i learned i won't be able to attended due to family business.
Friday, April 25, 2008
Individual Service Learning
For individual service learning i have done tons of different various activities . I have helped out at my old school with an event called "literacy night". It involved me giving out brochures and having people write their names down. I've also been a staff member for "camp getalong" on some saturdays. The group usually consists of 11-15 number of kids through the ages of 4-10. I've done the walk for hunger, which was 6 miles and i've done the 5k clean air run. I also plan to finish up my few hours with the broad street run occurring on sunday may 4th.
Friday, April 18, 2008
reflection on yesterdays meeting (4/17/08)
Yesterday's meeting was a doubtful one. Everyone but the kids seem to believe we can't pull it off due to time. I agree with both parties, but i think we should at least give it a try. The fundraising with the selling of hotdogs seems like a good idea and profitable in the end. My part in all this right now is to get donations from my neighborhood, which should go over well because my neighbors are overall friendly. The conclusion of the meeting was were still doing the fair, just we need some back up plans to.
Monday, April 14, 2008
Reflecting on friday's service learning meeting
Overall i think the meeting went very smoothly. We all know what really needs to be done in the three short weeks that we have. Most of the people in the group i have a feeling will be very committed, however I have the same feeling that some people won't be there at the end. I think if we really pull this off, we will actually make a difference.
http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/medical/cancer/cancer.html
This site is a positive site of cancer. One sentence says 70% of all child's cancer is cured usually, this is a good percentage. If we post this fact around the fair it might give hope.
http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/medical/cancer/cancer.html
This site is a positive site of cancer. One sentence says 70% of all child's cancer is cured usually, this is a good percentage. If we post this fact around the fair it might give hope.
Tuesday, March 4, 2008
Service Learning
The information i gathered from the Websites provided by Ms. Thompson for individual projects didn't help much. However, i have a few ideas of my own. My friend's church has this camp or so called "camp getaway" and it's one Saturday a month for four hours. What i do their is basically a dare care. Also even though I'm Jewish i could always participate in my friend's church. For group projects i have group mates in mine were thinking doing something that effects the elders of the Community. We even are considering going back to our old schools.
places i have looked. : http://www.nationalservice.gov/about/media_kit/factsheet_lsa.pdf
http://www.marylandpublicschools.org/MSDE/programs/servicelearning/project_ideas.html
http://www.mywonderfulworld.org/kidsteens_welcome.html
places i have looked. : http://www.nationalservice.gov/about/media_kit/factsheet_lsa.pdf
http://www.marylandpublicschools.org/MSDE/programs/servicelearning/project_ideas.html
http://www.mywonderfulworld.org/kidsteens_welcome.html
Reflecting on NHD
Project name: Constitutional Convention of 1787 and the Three-Fifths Compromise; The First of Several Compromises
Project type: Paper-solo
What I have learned from this experience is more than i can type. My paper covered the issue of slavery in the Constitutional Convention. Growing up i was always taught and always have thought during the civil wars times that the South was Bad and the North was good. However, this project changed my whole perspective of the North. Believe or not i learned that they benefited from the South having slaves, because it helped out their industries. So neither the South nor North was completely innocent. Also a tricky part of my project was gathering primary sources. Everyone who had served as a delegate or knew them was pronounced dead. The National Constitution Center helped alot, but it still made it difficult.
Project type: Paper-solo
What I have learned from this experience is more than i can type. My paper covered the issue of slavery in the Constitutional Convention. Growing up i was always taught and always have thought during the civil wars times that the South was Bad and the North was good. However, this project changed my whole perspective of the North. Believe or not i learned that they benefited from the South having slaves, because it helped out their industries. So neither the South nor North was completely innocent. Also a tricky part of my project was gathering primary sources. Everyone who had served as a delegate or knew them was pronounced dead. The National Constitution Center helped alot, but it still made it difficult.
Friday, January 4, 2008
Huckleberry Finn:Parental control
The essential question is should parents be allowed to hit their children? Yes, I think children should be hit for several reasons. One, when I think of hitting I think more along the lines of a spanking than a beating. Second, it teaches children respect for one another. Thirdly, it’s a fine line of discipline.
First off when I think of spanking, I think among the line of just a little more aggressive tap. I agree with the spanking terms, but not what pap does to Huck. What pap does to Huck in the cabin is physical abusive for which I don’t agree.
Secondly, It teaches children respect with peers and adult figures. For social studies I had to look up a cases relating to parental control. One case said after a boy started getting spankings his grades and social behavior elevated.
My last point is it teaches a fine line of discipline. If you ever heard of aversion therapy you would know it includes a burst of slight pain to realize you made a mistake. For example, say every time u went by McDonalds in the car and you spank your child. Do you think their ever going to want to go to McDonalds? I think not.
In conclusions, Spanking is acceptable, but only in the spanking terms not a beating; remember that.
First off when I think of spanking, I think among the line of just a little more aggressive tap. I agree with the spanking terms, but not what pap does to Huck. What pap does to Huck in the cabin is physical abusive for which I don’t agree.
Secondly, It teaches children respect with peers and adult figures. For social studies I had to look up a cases relating to parental control. One case said after a boy started getting spankings his grades and social behavior elevated.
My last point is it teaches a fine line of discipline. If you ever heard of aversion therapy you would know it includes a burst of slight pain to realize you made a mistake. For example, say every time u went by McDonalds in the car and you spank your child. Do you think their ever going to want to go to McDonalds? I think not.
In conclusions, Spanking is acceptable, but only in the spanking terms not a beating; remember that.
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